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Record W2074039973 · doi:10.4212/cjhp.v65i6.1191

Factors Influencing Vancomycin Loading Dose for Hospitalized Hemodialysis Patients: Prospective Observational Cohort Study

2012· article· en· W2074039973 on OpenAlexaffvenue
Wasim S. El Nekidy, Maher M. El‐Masri, Greg S. Umstead, Michelle Dehoorne-Smith

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy · 2012
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicAntimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
Canadian institutionsUniversity of WindsorHôtel-Dieu Grace Healthcare
Fundersnot available
KeywordsHemodialysisMedicineVancomycinDosingProspective cohort studyObservational studyInternal medicineCohort studyGuidelineCohortLoading doseIntensive care medicineSurgeryStaphylococcus aureusPathology

Abstract

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Background : The increasing use of vancomycin to treat methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has resulted in reduced susceptibility of MRSA to this drug. It is important to optimize vancomycin dosing in patients who are undergoing hemodialysis to attain a pre-hemodialysis serum concentration sufficient to eradicate MRSA, in accordance with recent guideline recommendations.Objectives : To establish the optimal strategy for vancomycin loading dose in patients undergoing hemodialysis and to explore the determinants of pre-hemodialysis serum concentration of vancomycin measured in these patients.Methods : A prospective observational cohort study was conducted between January and June 2010. Eligible participants were adults with established stage 5 chronic kidney disease who were undergoing inpatient hemodialysis. Data were collected on loading dose administered, body weight, serum concentration of vancomycin before the subsequent hemodialysis session (pre-hemodialysis concentration), and time between end of vancomycin infusion and measurement of pre-hemodialysis serum concentration. Multivariate stepwise linear regression was performed to examine independent associations between variables and measured pre-hemodialysis serum concentration of vancomycin.Results : Eighty-one patients were included in the study. Of 24 patients who achieved the recommended pre-hemodialysis serum concentration of vancomycin (15–20 mg/L), 14 had a loading dose between 15 and 20 mg/kg. Further analysis suggested that the pre-hemodialysis serum concentration of vancomycin was independently associated with weightbased loading dose (mg/kg) (ß = 0.293, p = 0.003), age (ß = –0.358, p < 0.001), and time between administration of the loading dose and initiation of hemodialysis (ß = –0.247, p = 0.011).Conclusions : The findings of this study indicate that a loading dose of 15–20 mg/kg (actual body weight) is likely to yield an optimal pre-hemodialysis serum concentration at a median elapsed time of 24 h. In addition to loading dose, patient age and time between administration of the loading dose and initiation of hemodialysis also influenced the pre-hemodialysis serum concentration of the drug.RÉSUMÉContexte : L’utilisation accrue de vancomycine pour traiter les infections à Staphylococcus aureus résistant à la méthicilline (SARM) a entraîné une réduction de la sensibilité du SARM à ce médicament. Il est important d’optimiser la posologie de la vancomycine chez les patients hémodialysés pour obtenir une concentration sérique préalable à l’hémodialyse suffisante pour éradiquer le SARM, conformément aux recommandations récentes des lignes directrices.Objectifs : Établir la dose d’attaque optimale de la vancomycine chez les patients subissant une hémodialyse et examiner les déterminants de la concentration sérique de la vancomycine préalable à l’hémodialyse chez ces patients.Méthodes : Une étude de cohorte observationnelle prospective a été menée entre janvier et juin 2010. Les patients admissibles étaient des adultes atteints d’une néphropathie chronique de stade 5 subissant une hémodialyse en milieu hospitalier. Les données ont été recueillies pour la dose d’attaque administrée, le poids corporel, la concentration sérique de vancomycine avant la séance d’hémodialyse subséquente (concentration préalable à l’hémodialyse) et le temps entre la fin de la perfusion de la vancomycine et la mesure de la concentration sérique préalable à l’hémodialyse. Une analyse par régression linéaire séquentielle a été réalisée pour examiner les associations indépendantes entre les variables et la concentration sérique de vancomycine mesurée avant l’hémodialyse.Résultats : Au total, 81 patients ont été admis à l’étude. Des 24 patients qui ont obtenu la concentration sérique de vancomycine recommandée préalablement à l’hémodialyse (15–20 mg/L), 14 ont reçu une dose d’attaque de 15 à 20 mg/kg. D’autres analyses ont suggéré que la concentration sérique de vancomycine préalable à l’hémodialyse était associée de façon indépendante à la dose d’attaque fondée sur le poids (mg/kg) (ß = 0,293, p = 0,003), à l’âge (ß = –0,358, p < 0,001) et au temps écoulé entre l’administration de la dose d’attaque et le début de l’hémodialyse (ß = –0,247, p =0,011).Conclusions : Les résultats de cette étude montrent qu’une dose d’attaque de 15 à 20 mg/kg (poids corporel réel) est susceptible de produire une concentration sérique optimale de vancomycine préalablement à l’hémodialyse dans un temps médian de 24 h. Outre la dose d’attaque, l’âge du patient et le temps écoulé entre l’administration de la dose d’attaque et le début de l’hémodialyse ont également influencé la concentration sérique de vancomycine préalable à l’hémodialyse.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.004
Threshold uncertainty score0.769

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.039
GPT teacher head0.314
Teacher spread0.275 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations24
Published2012
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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