In situ kinetic study of solid‐state crosslinking of potato starch
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This work studies the solid‐state modification of potato starch using sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) at elevated temperature (120°C). Kinetics for the reaction was investigated using an in situ technique based on attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy for monitoring the extent of crosslinking. For tested STMP concentrations between 1.6 and 20% (w/w, dry starch basis), the degree of substitution varied between 0.015 and 0.106 mol P/mol anhydroglucose unit, respectively, within a reaction time of less than 10 min. The reaction data was found to follow a first‐order rate dependency and by examination using a phase‐boundary kinetic model was considered to be exterior diffusion limited. The extent of conversion always converged to an asymptotic value less than 100%. The inclusion of 1–2% hydrocolloidal xanthan gum were found to have no effect on the crosslinking of starch whereas 10–30% glycerol significantly lowered the rate of reaction.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".