Phosphorylation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1 in heart mitochondria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aim: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1 (CPT‐1) catalyzes the entry of long‐chain acyl CoA's to the cytoplasm, an important control step in fatty acid oxidation. Previous studies from our laboratory indicate that the maximum activity and malonyl CoA sensitivity of CPT‐1 are acutely regulated by metoprolol in the rat heart. The aim of the present study was to determine whether incubation of isolated mitochondria from left ventricular tissue with protein kinase A, Akt or calcium/ calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase alters the maximum activity or malonyl CoA sensitivity of CPT‐1. Methods: Isolated mitochondria from normal Wistar rats were incubated with purified preparations of PKA, CAMK II or Akt for 10 minutes. Phosphorylation of CPT‐1 isoforms was measured by co‐immunoprecipitation with phosphothreonine and phosphoserine antibodies, and the activity and malonyl CoA sensitivity of CPT‐1 was assayed. Results: PKA and CAMK‐II phosphorylated CPT‐1. PKA decreased CPT‐1 malonyl CoA sensitivity whereas CAMK‐II increased CPT‐1 malonyl CoA sensitivity. There was no effect on the maximum activity of CPT‐1. Conclusions: PKA and CAMK‐II regulate CPT‐1 sensitivity in isolated heart mitochondria in vitro. These kinases may be counter‐regulatory in the control of CPT‐1 malonyl CoA sensitivity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".