Liquid–vapor criticality in a fluid of charged hard dumbbells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The vapor–liquid criticality of a fluid of charged hard dumbbells is investigated employing grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations and mixed-field finite-size scaling methods. The reduced critical temperature and density obtained are Tc*=0.04911±0.00003 and ρc*=0.101±0.003, respectively. The critical temperature is very close to that of the restricted primitive model (RPM) for ionic fluids, while the critical density is ∼25% larger than that of the RPM. The “fits” to the Ising ordering operator distribution are good, and are of similar quality to those found for the RPM with systems of comparable size. However, for the finite-size systems simulated, the constant volume heat capacity, CV, gives no indication of an Ising-type “divergence” at Tc. This is analogous to the RPM, and serves to demonstrate that this still puzzling behavior is not restricted to that model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".