Narrow and wide free spectral range devices based on planar reflective gratings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new approach for constructing devices of various free spectral ranges (FSRs) is described. We show that devices with different FSRs can be built around the same aberration-free architecture based on elliptical grating facets. Elliptical facets, combined with double astigmatic point design, are demonstrated to lead to dramatic improvements in reflective grating performance compared to traditional flat facet designs. A discussion on the proper selection of the grating order for devices with various FSRs is given. The proposed theory was applied to manufacture devices with various FSRs. A standard silica-on-silicon process was used to fabricate interleavers with narrow FSR of 0.8 and 1.6 nm. Subsequently, we show how the above methodology can be used to scale the reflective grating design to devices with wide FSR. We applied the theory to produce coarse wavelength division multiplexing filters with FSR in excess of 500 nm. The filters exhibited insertion losses of 2.5 dB and polarization dependent losses of less than 0.2 dB. Applications of wide FSR devices in metro edge and access networks are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".