CTLA4Ig Prevents Initiation but not Evolution of Anti-phospholipid Syndrome in NZW/BXSB Mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
NZW "x" BXSB F1 mice develop SLE that is associated with an anti-phospholipid syndrome characterized by anti-cardiolipin antibodies, thrombocytopenia and small coronary artery thrombosis. This syndrome is immune mediated and, dependent, on CD4+T cells. To determine whether disease in these mice can be treated with blockade of T cell costimulation we treated them with the CD28 antagonist CTLA4Ig at 9 or 12 weeks of age. CTLA4Ig completely prevented both SLE nephritis and myocardial infarcts if it was given at 9 weeks of age, before anti-cardiolipin antibodies could be detected in the serum and prevented both B cell expansion and activation and the development of peripheral monocytosis. If treatment was delayed until 12 weeks of age after cardiolipin antibodies had arisen but before the onset of clinical disease, CTLA4Ig had very little effect on disease progression. These findings indicate that CD4+T cell activation through CD28 is critical for disease initiation in this model but plays little role in disease progression or tissue damage. These findings have relevance to the treatment of anti-phospholipid syndrome in humans.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".