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Record W2076145943 · doi:10.1021/ef9011005

Oxidation of C1−C5 Alkane Quinternary Natural Gas Mixtures at High Pressures

2010· article· en· W2076145943 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueEnergy & Fuels · 2010
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldChemical Engineering
TopicAdvanced Combustion Engine Technologies
Canadian institutionsRolls-Royce (Canada)
Fundersnot available
KeywordsDiluentShock tubeCombustionChemistryNatural gasThermodynamicsNitrogenArgonBar (unit)Flue gasAtmospheric temperature rangeMaterials scienceAnalytical Chemistry (journal)Shock waveOrganic chemistry

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Rapid compression machine (RCM) and shock-tube facilities have been employed to study the oxidation of natural gas blends at high pressure and intermediate to high temperatures. The use of both types of facilities allows a broad temperature envelope to be investigated and therefore encompasses the complete range applicable to gas turbines. A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism has been developed to simulate these results and will be used to approximate similar fuels. Mixtures of CH 4 /C 2 H 6 /C 3 H 8 / n -C 4 H 10 / n -C 5 H 12 have been studied in the temperature range 630−1550 K, in the pressure range 8−30 bar, and at equivalence ratios of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 in “air”. For shock-tube experiments, the diluent gas was nitrogen, whereas in the RCM experiments the diluent gas composition ranged from pure nitrogen (at lower temperatures) to pure argon (at the highest temperatures). In addition, the combustion chamber in the RCM was fitted with a thermostat and heating tape to control and vary the initial temperature thereby varying the compressed gas temperature. Because the time-scale of a rapid compression machine experiment is so long, heat losses are significant. Thus, a series of nonreactive experiments were performed in order to account for the heat loss associated with each mixture composition and pressure.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.016
Threshold uncertainty score0.681

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.004
GPT teacher head0.211
Teacher spread0.207 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it