Design and Administration of Accelerated Vehicle Retirement Programs in North America and Abroad
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Several countries, states, and local agencies have debated and many have adopted voluntary accelerated vehicle retirement (VAVR) programs. The basic premise behind a VAVR program is to reduce emissions by taking an older, more polluting vehicle off the road before its owner would otherwise scrap it. A descriptive overview of the components of past and current VAVR programs in the United States and Canada is provided, with some comparisons with programs abroad. VAVR programs in North America fall into two broad categories—programs that generate “mobile source emission-reduction credits” that can be used to comply with other air quality regulations, and programs in which emission reductions are “used” only to help meet air quality standards. Incentives in the U.S. programs range from $400 to $1,000. The programs include a variety of criteria, including ownership and operability standards, to help ensure that emission reductions are real.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it