Cholesterol-modulating Agents Selectively Inhibit Calcium Influx Induced by Chemoattractants in Human Neutrophils
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of cholesterol-perturbing agents on the mobilization of calcium induced upon the stimulation of human neutrophils by chemotactic factors were tested. Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin and filipin did not alter the initial peak of calcium mobilization but shortened the duration of the calcium spike that followed the addition of fMet-Leu-Phe. These agents also inhibited the influx of Mn(2+) induced by fMet-Leu-Phe or thapsigargin. Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin and filipin completely abrogated the mobilization of calcium induced by 10(-10) m platelet-activating factor, which at this concentration depends to a major extent on an influx of calcium as well as the influx of calcium induced by 10(-7) m platelet-activating factor. On the other hand, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin and filipin enhanced the mobilization of calcium induced by ligation of FcgammaRIIA, an agonist that did not induce a detectable influx of calcium. Finally, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin and filipin enhanced the stimulation of the profile of tyrosine phosphorylation, the activity of phospholipase D (PLD), and the production of superoxide anions induced by fMet-Leu-Phe. These results suggest that the calcium channels utilized by chemotactic factors in human neutrophils are either located in cholesterol-rich regions of the plasma membrane, or that the mechanisms that lead to their opening depend on the integrity of these microdomains.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".