Biotransformation of the 8:2 fluorotelomer acrylate in rainbow trout. 1. In vivo dietary exposure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The bioaccumulation and biotransformation of the 8:2 fluorotelomer acrylate (C(8) F(17) CH(2) CH(2) OC(O)CH = CH(2) , 8:2 FTAc) was investigated in rainbow trout via dietary exposure. The 8:2 FTAc is a monomer used in the manufacture of fluorinated polymers and has been widely detected in the atmosphere. The parent 8:2 FTAc and suspected intermediate and terminal metabolites were monitored in liver, blood, kidney, bile, and feces during the 5-d uptake and 8-d elimination phases using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)- and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)- based methods. Very low levels of the 8:2 FTAc were detected in the internal tissues and feces, suggesting that the 8:2 FTAc was rapidly biotransformed in the gut or liver. Similarly, low concentrations of the 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH) were accumulated in the fish tissues. The 8:2 saturated fluorotelomer carboxylate (FTCA) was formed in the highest concentration, reaching steady-state tissue concentrations of approximately 1,000 to 1,400 ng/g wet weight. The 8:2 FTUCA and 7:3 FTCA were also accumulated in high levels, at levels approximately 10-fold lower than the 8:2 FTCA. Both the 7:3 FTCA and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) showed increasing levels throughout the uptake phase and into the initial stages of the elimination phase, indicating continued formation through precursors still present in the body. Perfluorononanoate (PFNA) was formed in low nanogram per gram wet weight levels. The intermediate and terminal metabolites were also detected in the bile and feces, indicating an important elimination pathway for these compounds. In addition, the 8:2 FTOH glucuronide conjugate was measured in relatively high concentrations in the bile and feces. The results of the current study demonstrated a scenario in which a biologically labile compound is biotransformed to terminal metabolites that are much more biologically persistent.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".