Micro Seismic Monitoring: First Borehole Micro Seismic Job Done in Colombia, Morpho Well
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Since the inclusion of Micro Seismic technologies in the Barnett Shale, this technology has become one of the most powerful and used tools to monitor the behavior of reservoirs exposed to hydraulic fracturing with non-permanent arrays and also, to detect changes due to injection/production of fluids during long periods of time using permanent arrays. This paper focus its efforts in non-permanent arrays, which require the use of high resolution seismic tools deployed in the well and anchored to the casing walls to detect micro seismic events produced by induced movement in un-deformed rock or along pre-existing fractures which is in response to the interaction between natural stress directions and equilibriums and those that are being forced on the deformations through stimulation or injection. This paper will present results from the first micro seismic job done in Colombian history, which was performed in December 2010. The results obtained with the implementation of this technology want to provide an image of the zones affected with the injection of fluids, which will allow the operating company to define drainage areas and optimize the location and development of new wells in the field, optimize perforating spacing and location, analyze the containment of the fracture to the interest zone and avoid the migration or the rupture into undesired zones like aquifers, it will also help define optimal injection rates and proppant concentrations. After having a better knowledge of the fracture behavior, stress distribution and production levels, one can think in re-defining drilling strategies and to think the feasibility of highly deviated to horizontal wells; these kinds of decisions had been taken by companies that used micro seismic and were translated in millions of dollars in savings. One of the most notorious examples is the Barnett - Shale, where they moved from vertical wells to a big majority of horizontal wells, which boost the production rates and transformed this field in one of the biggest gas producers in USA; similar steps are being followed in the Marcellus shale and the Haynesville shale in USA, as well as fields in Canada, and India just to mention some. This paper center is based on results obtained from the first borehole micro-seismic job done in Colombia and will present the conclusions obtained from combining results from different services ran in the well Morpho – 1. Combining the analysis of pressure curves with micro seismic gives us a great idea of how the different fracture types can be observed and also, will help fracture designing teams to better understand and determine the best way to treat rocks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".