Identification of Classes and Moisture Contents for Location-specific and Crop year-specific Wheat Samples Using the Near-Infrared (NIR) Hyperspectral Imaging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Accurate segregation, proper drying, and safe storage can be possible when wheat classes and their moisture levels are properly identified. The potential of using a near infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging system to identify four western Canadian wheat classes each at 13, 16, and 19% moisture contents was investigated. Wheat samples harvested during 2007, 2008, and 2009 crop years were collected from various locations in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta. An Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) NIR camera was used to scan bulk samples of wheat in the 960-1700 nm wavelength region at 10 nm intervals. Calculated relative reflectance intensities of the scanned images were used for forming spectral data set. Scores images and loadings plots were generated using the principal component analysis (PCA). In both 16 and 19% moisture content (m.c.) wheat, the highest factor loadings were in the region of 1260-1390 nm out of 75 NIR wavelengths in the 960-1700 nm range. In overall identification of four wheat classes independent growing locations, crop years, and moisture levels, average classification accuracies were of 80.6 and 76.3% for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and the quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), respectively. For both 16 and 19% m.c. wheat, wavelengths in the NIR regions of 1000-1200 and 1260-1390 nm were important in identifying wheat classes independent of growing locations and crop years. This study establishes that NIR hyperspectral imaging study can be used as a comprehensive tool for identifying wheat classes and moisture levels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".