Low-Moderate Doses of Nicotine Decreased mRNA of NGF and BDNF and Their Receptors at 30 Min in the Frontal Cortex and Hippocampus of ApoE-KO Mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Several studies have detected nicotine-associated increases in the mRNA and protein expression of NGF, BDNF and TrkA and TrkB receptors in multiple brain regions. Methods: We investigated the acute effects of different doses of nicotine (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) on the mRNA levels of NGF, BDNF, TrkA and TrkB in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of ApoE-knockout (ApoE-KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Results: The results demonstrated that in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, nicotine decreases NGF and BDNF mRNA levels in both ApoE-KO and WT mice. Nicotine also reduced TrkA in the frontal cortex and TrkB in both brain regions of WT mice, whereas no changes were observed in ApoE-KO mice. Interestingly, all of these effects were limited to low-intermediate doses (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg) of nicotine, while 1.0 mg/kg of nicotine had no noticeable effect on the brain of either strain of mice. ApoE-KO mice showed a distinctly higher level of NGF mRNA expression versus the WT mice in both regions of the brain, whereas TrkA expression was lower only in the frontal cortex. Conclusions: These findings suggest that acute nicotine causes a decrease in the mRNA levels of NGF, BDNF and their receptors in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of mice depending on nicotine doses. A high level of NGF mRNA was observed in the brain of ApoE-KO mice, suggesting a role of ApoE in the expressions of neurotrophins in the hippocampus. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4021/jnr217e
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".