No History to Absolve Them: Spanish-American Revolutionary Discourse after 1990
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Identifying 1990 as an historical watershed, this article studies the erosion of the Spanish American revolutionary's reliance on historical references rooted in an implicitly book-based culture as a justification for revolutionary violence. The argument takes as its point of departure Fidel Castro's speech 'La historia me absolverá' and traces how the understanding of history shared by Spanish American revolutionaries of the 1960s promoted an ideal of self-sacrifice. The Nicaraguan Revolution adopted these ideals of discipline, martyrdom and self-denial, but used them to promote a more overtly nationalist revolutionary agenda. Events after 1990 made the ideal of self-sacrifice more difficult to sustain. The article closes with an examination of the attempt of Subcomandante Marcos of the Zapatista movement to reinvent the revolutionary persona in an egalitarian, visually based postmodern culture, finding in Marcos's ideology a deeper compromise with Western liberalism than was visible in the writings of his predecessors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".