Characterization of long-range surface-plasmon-polariton waveguides
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Measurements of the attenuation and excitation efficiency of the long-range surface-plasmon-polariton mode supported by waveguides comprised of one or many thin metal films of finite width embedded in dielectric were made in the near infrared (λ0=1550nm). Au films 31, 25, and 20 nm thick, and Ag films 20 nm thick were used to implement the structures. The lowest attenuations measured among the Au and Ag waveguides are 0.42 and 0.32dB∕mm, respectively, corresponding to propagation lengths of 10 340, and 13572μm, respectively. These propagation lengths are longer than those of the single-interface surface-plasmon polariton in the corresponding semi-infinite structures by factors of 93 and 138, respectively. These factors are the largest reported to date for long-range surface-plasmon-polariton waves. The largest excitation efficiency measured among the set of Au structures is 98%. Theoretical results were obtained for all of the structures characterized experimentally using an accurate electromagnetic-field model. Theory and experiment agree to within about 5% over the 31- and 25-nm-thick Au structures, but a thickness-dependant permittivity must be assumed in order to achieve agreement to within 12% for the 20-nm Au structures.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it