Coupled Diffusion of Mixed Ionic Micelles in Aqueous Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate + Sodium Octanoate Solutions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Taylor dispersion and differential refractometry are used to measure ternary mutual diffusion coefficients for aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfate (NaDS) + sodium octanoate (NaOct) solutions at 25 different compositions at 25 °C. Diffusion of the mixed surfactants is strongly coupled. In particular, each mole of NaOct co-transports up to 2.5 mol of NaDS. The results are interpreted by using Nagarajan's molecular thermodynamic model of mixed surfactant solutions to estimate average surfactant aggregation numbers for the mixed micelles. In addition, Nernst−Planck equations are used to relate the measured fluxes of the total NaDS and total NaOct components to the fluxes of free DS - and Oct - surfactant ions, free Na + counterions, and micelles of local-average composition. The analysis shows that the large coupled flows of NaDS driven by NaOct gradients are caused by the migration of charged NaDS-rich micelles in the electric field generated by the diffusion free Na + and Oct - ions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".