Catholic Charity and Civic Performance in the Years before Quebec's Quiet Revolution: The Depression Hockey League, 1932-60
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The essay uses sport as a window on bigger political and social changes that gripped French Canada during the years of its belated modernization, 1940s-60s. The forms and functions of the Depression Hockey League demonstrate, at a grassroots level, the quotidian ways in which French Quebec emerged from the “Great Darkness” (Grand Noirceur) of the 1930s into a modern, secular, state-oriented society it is today. The Depression Hockey League (Ligue de Hockey Dépression) was a senior amateur hockey league in Montreal created in the depths of the Great Depression. Its principal goal was the raising of charity funds, almost all of which were bestowed on the St Vincent de Paul Society. The league was small (only four teams played in it) but it quickly developed a very high public profile as a prominent québécois institution. The Depression Hockey League was much more than a peculiarly beneficent weekly “beer league.” It encapsulated pre-Quiet Revolution notions of masculine citizenship and the importance of charitable performance to French-Catholic national identity. Here, sports history reflects something bigger, beyond the field of play. The DHL was a sporting embodiment of how French Canadians viewed themselves at a time when that self-image was changing. DHL men were proffered models of mid-century French-Canadian manhood: on the ice, they performed masculinity in a sport that was fast, rough and dangerous; off the ice, they raised money for their society’s poor. And yet, even as the DHL rose to its height of prominence in the 1950s, its meaning was changing. The onset of the Quiet Revolution – a thoroughgoing series of changes that replaced Catholic authority with public-sector state supremacy in education, social welfare and national leadership - altered the meaning of sport-based masculine public performance and robbed it of its freight as a means and model of being un vrai homme québécois.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.021 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".