Locally generated tsunamis recorded on the coast of British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study presents analyses and numerical simulations of local tsunamis generated by two recent earthquakes off the coast of British Columbia. The Queen Charlotte Islands earthquake (Mw = 6.1) on 12 October 2001 generated waves that were recorded by tide gauges at Bamfield, Tofino, Winter Harbour and Port Hardy on the coast of Vancouver Island, with maximum measured wave heights of 11.3, 18.2, 22.7 and 14.5 cm, respectively. The Explorer Plate earthquake off Vancouver Island (Mw = 6.6) on 2 November 2004 generated waves recorded only at Bamfield and Tofino, with lower heights of 7.5 cm and 10.8 cm, respectively. The generation of tsunamis by these moderate, Mw = 6.1–6.6, local earthquakes suggests the possibility of destructive tsunamis from local sources other than the Cascadia Subduction Zone. This, in turn, has implications for tsunami hazards for this seismically active region of coastal North America.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".