A fast quench-reset integrated circuit for high-speed single photon detection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the design and implementation of a high-speed, and low-power single photon detection system. The system consists of a quench module and a digitizer in forward path and a reset feedback scheme to realize a reset block. This circuit when accompanied with an avalanche photodiode (APD) in its front-end could accurately detect and count the generated photons in few nanoseconds. Schematic-based simulations were conducted with TSMC 180nm CMOS process to characterize the circuit. The simulation results confirm quench time of 3ns for the circuit which adopts to the requirements of high speed photon detection quench circuits in functional near infrared optical brain imaging spectroscopy. The measurements are undergoing and preliminary results confirm the functionality of the design. Controllable hold-off time of 4ns-2μs and a reset time of 1-4ns enhance the characteristics of the proposed circuit among the previously cited solutions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".