Experimental Assessment of Autologous Lymph Node Transplantation as Treatment of Postsurgical Lymphedema
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The authors' objective was to test whether the transplantation of an autologous lymph node into a nodal excision site in sheep would restore lymphatic transport function and reduce the magnitude of postsurgical lymphedema. METHODS: As a measure of lymph transport, iodine-125 human serum albumin was injected into prenodal vessels at 8 and 12 weeks after surgery, and plasma levels of the protein were used to calculate the transport rate of the tracer to blood (percent injected per hour). Edema was quantified from the circumferential measurement of the hind limbs. RESULTS: The transplantation of avascular lymph nodes at 8 (n = 6) and 12 weeks (n = 6) produced lymphatic function levels of 12.3 +/- 0.5 and 12.6 +/- 0.8, respectively. These values were significantly less (p < 0.001) than those measured at similar times in the animals receiving sham surgical procedures (16.6 +/- 0.7, n = 6; and 16.1 +/- 0.7, n = 6, respectively). When vascularized transplants were performed, lymphatic function was similar to the sham controls and significantly greater (p < 0.001) than that of the avascular group (8 weeks, 15.8 +/- 0.9, n = 8; 12 weeks, 15.7 +/- 1.0, n = 10). Lymph transport correlated significantly with the health of the transplanted nodes (scaled with histologic analysis) (p < 0.0001). The vascularized node transplants (n = 18) were associated with the greatest clinical improvement, with the magnitude of edema in these limbs exhibiting significantly lower levels of edema (p = 0.039) than nontreated limbs (n = 18). CONCLUSIONS: The successful reimplantation of a lymph node into a nodal excision site has the potential to restore lymphatic function and facilitate edema resolution. This result has important conceptual implications in the treatment of postsurgical lymphedema.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".