Bibliographic record
Abstract
The two primary perturbations resulting in hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes are insulin resistance and insulin deficiency. Insulin resistance occurs in peripheral organs (muscle and fat) leading to decreased glucose uptake and utilisation and in liver leading to increased hepatic glucose production. Thiazolidinediones, synthetic ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) can modulate the expression of genes influencing carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Pioglitazone, a recently introduced thiazolidinedione, improves glycaemic control and lipid profiles in people with type 2 diabetes. Some of the possible mechanisms of improving glycaemic control include increases in glucose transporters 1 and 4, enhancement of insulin signalling, decrease in tumour necrosis factor-α, reduction of plasma free fatty acid, and decrease in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. Together, these can increase glucose uptake and utilisation in the peripheral organs and decrease gluconeogenesis in the liver. Possible mechanisms resulting in more desirable lipid profiles include an increase in phosphodiesterase 3B, resulting in reduced intracellular lipolysis in adipocytes, and an increase in lipoprotein lipase resulting in enhanced clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. In brief, pioglitazone reduces hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".