The aftermath of tree death: coarse woody debris and the topography in four tropical rain forests
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The relationship of coarse woody debris (CWD) was examined with respect to topography and site in four lowland tropical rain forests in northern Borneo and western Ecuador. In total, 1914 dead trees [Formula: see text]20 cm diameter at breast height were enumerated in 46 ha. The basal area per hectare of dead trees varied strongly with both site and slope position. Dead basal area and its correlate dead tree density increased moving up the topographic gradient from the valleys to the ridges. Site estimates for CWD volume ranged from 96 to 154 m3·ha-1. Mean standing CWD volume was four times higher on the ridge tops (54 m3·ha-1) compared with the valley and cross-terrain areas (both 13 m3·ha-1). In contrast, downed volume did not vary with slope position. The proportions of CWD present as standing wood were two to three times higher in the Bornean sites compared with Hoja Blanca. These topographical and site differences in CWD were linked to differences in mode of tree death as well as the distribution of live trees per hectare.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".