Powder X-ray Diffraction Determination of Phyllosilicate Mass and Area versus Particle Thickness Distributions for Clays from the Athabasca Oil Sands
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Bitumen recovery from Athabasca oil sands is known to be affected by the clay component. This effect increases dramatically with decreasing particle sizes of the constituent clay minerals. The present work comprises a mineralogical study of distinct size-fractions of clays from the Athabasca oil sands. Mass and area versus thickness distributions per unit weight of phyllosilicate-mineral component are obtained by Bertaut analysis of measured XRD peak profiles for the first 00ℓ reflection. Distributions for both kaolinite and illite components from distinct size-fractions correlate with particle size. The powder pattern for the smallest size-fraction (< 0.1 μm) is shown to correspond to delaminated illite particles.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it