Chemically Fixed Human Umbilical Cord Vein Grafts as Arterial Substitutes: Potential and Limits
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In spite of reported successes, synthetic fabric grafts and microporous and plain synthetic conduits have proven unsuitable for aorto-coronary bypasses and showed weaknesses below the knee. Readily available and uniform diameter vascular substitutes with biological and mechanical properties comparable to human vessels would be of paramount interest. Following reported successes with chemically fixed human umbilical veins (HUV), we have attempted to develop smaller diameter blood conduits and have improved the currently prevalent techniques of fixation, preparation and storage to generate more convenient surgical products. In vitro assessment of the processed HUV demonstrated that the HUV can be easily processed to make an arterial substitute that can be preserved either in a liquid medium or as a dry product. However, the in vivo implantations in dogs led to disappointing results for liquid-preserved or albuminated veins. Critical-point dried grafts gave better results, unfortunately they do not heal and they can only degrade after implantation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".