Nonlinear stability of the near-Earth plasma sheet during substorms: 9 February 1995 event
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It has been previously demonstrated that several minutes prior to an onset of a magnetospheric substorm the near-Earth plasma sheet becomes unstable to resonance-type perturbations. The next logical step, examined here, is an assumption that the velocity shear in the resonance would lead to a development of a Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instability. Using a Grad-Shafranov equilibrium constrained by CANOPUS data, we analyze the stability properties of the near-Earth plasma sheet in the presence of a field-line resonance-generated KH instability at around 10 Earth radii. The results of the analysis are in general agreement with observations and computer modeling of substorms. As a part of the analysis, we discuss the importance of the proper distinction between the stability properties of the magnetotail, and the trigger mechanism responsible for the instability. While these two aspects of a substorm may be (and likely are) related, it is possible that they involve different types of processes that work in a complementary fashion. PACS Nos.: 06.54, 27.40, 27.72, 27.88
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".