Influence of thermal diffusion on decarburisation of iron–chromium alloy droplets by oxygen–argon gas mixtures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using an electromagnetic levitation technique, the kinetics of decarburization of Fe-Cr-C alloy droplets by oxygen-argon gas mixtures containing up to 10% oxygen was investigated at 1873K. Conventional formulation of governing mass transport numbers did not describe the experimental observations made during this study. It is hypothesized that the effects of thermal diffusion caused by the steep temperature gradient (~1550 degrees) between the incoming gas stream and the surface of the droplet, is responsible for the offset observed between the well-established mass transfer model and the experimental data for decarburization kinetics. This finding has important implications with respect to the application of appropriate mass/heat transport equations when using commercial software to model pyro-metallurgical processes, such as stainless steel refining, where large temperature gradients are an inherent component of the system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".