Efficient Single-Layer Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on C545T-Alq<sub>3</sub> System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report efficient single-layer organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on 2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1,1,7,7,-tetramethyl-1H,5H,11H-10-(2-benzothiazolyl) quinolizino-[9,9a,1gh] coumarin (C545T) and tris(8-hydroxyquinolinolato)aluminum (Alq 3 ) system. The doping concentration, as well as nickel oxide (Ni 2 O 3 ) and molybdenum oxide (MoO 3 )-modified indium tin oxide (ITO) anodes were investigated. With increasing doping concentration from 1 to 23%, the emission color varied from green to yellow; the Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) coordinate changed from (0.29, 0.66) to (0.45, 0.53). The green- to yellow-emitting devices showed current efficiency from 6.4 to 4.2 cd/A for ITO/Ni 2 O 3 anode and 12.8 to 5.5 cd/A for ITO/MoO 3 anode at 100 cd/m 2, respectively, which are better than 3.8 cd/A obtained in the traditional undoped three-layered device ITO/copper-phthalocyanine (CuPc)/ N, N ′-diphenyl- N, N ′-bis-(1-naphthyl)-1-1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine (α-NPD)/Alq 3 /LiF/Al and comparable to 14.4 cd/A in the doped device ITO/CuPc/α-NPD/C545T−Alq 3 (∼1%)/Alq 3 /LiF/Al.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".