γ-Cyclodextrin Forms a Highly Compressible Complex with 1-Adamantanecarboxylic Acid
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report temperature-dependent ultrasonic velocimetric and densimetric data on changes in volume, expansibility, and adiabatic compressibility associated with the binding of 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid (AD) to gamma-cyclodextrin (gamma-CD). We compare these results with our previous data on the binding of AD to beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) [Taulier, N.; Chalikian, T.V.J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 12222-12224]. The comparison reveals that, in contrast to the tight AD-beta-CD complex with little void space left inside the cavity, AD forms a loose complex with gamma-CD with approximately 30 A3 of void space between the guest molecule and the inner walls of the cavity. The presence of the void renders the AD-gamma-CD complex highly compressible; the intrinsic coefficient of compressibility of the AD-gamma-CD complex is 37x10(-6) bar(-1) at 18 degrees C and decreases to 23x10(-6) bar(-1) at 55 degrees C. Such large compressibility is suggestive of only weak contacts between the interacting AD and gamma-CD atomic groups in the cavity. Our results are consistent with the notion that the AD-gamma-CD complex is predominantly stabilized by the hydrophobic effect with only modest contribution from intermolecular van der Waals interactions. This notion is in contrast to the AD-beta-CD complex which is stabilized by strong host-guest van der Waals interactions in addition to the hydrophobic effect.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".