Temperature-dependent development of the Argentine ant,<i>Linepithema humile</i>(Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a degree-day model with implications for range limits in New Zealand.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, is an invasive species with the potential to cause significant economic and ecological damage in New Zealand. Using published information on rates of development, we induced parameters for a cumulative degree-day model for each life-stage of the Argentine ant.A summary model suggested that complete development, from egg to worker, requires approximately 445 degree-days above a threshold of 15.9°C. Meteorological records of air and soil temperatures indicated a number of sites in New Zealand that fulfil this minimum temperature requirement on an annual basis. Maps based on soil temperature data indicated suitable conditions as far south as Central Otago, while air temperature data predicted a more limited northerly distribution in Northland and Hawkes Bay. Additional factors, such as microclimatic variation, thermoregulatory behaviour, biotic interactions and dispersal opportunities will also be important in determining the precise range limits of the Argentine ant in New Zealand.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".