Bibliographic record
Abstract
Kristina Engwall [1] compared the nutritional status in Swedish mental hospitals and institutions for the "feebleminded" during the two world wars with those in German institutions of the same two eras. Both countries had high death rates during World War I. During World War II, the Nazis used starvation as a deliberate means of killing disabled people. In Sweden, rationing due to war also affected the patients. There was, however, no division of patients into "worthy" and "unworthy" eaters. Despite marked weight loss, there is no evidence that mortality rates at Swedish institutions increased—except at one, the Vipeholm. The patients at Vipeholm were severely disabled and required assistance in eating. It seems most likely that the high death rate at this institution between 1941 and 1943 was a result of staff shortages and insufficient assistance to patients needing help, with resultant undernourishment and death.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".