The mystery of primary biliary cirrhosis in British Columbia’s First Nations people
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a rare chronic, progressive liver disorder leading to transplantation or death, with a known autoimmune basis. Although it has been estimated to have a prevalence of between 2-5 cases per 100,000 worldwide, it is not rare in British Columbia's (BC) First Nations (FN) peoples, where it is the leading indication for liver transplant in that population. A study of indications for liver transplant from 1989 to 1998 demonstrated that although just 3.9% of the population of BC is of FN descent, 25% of those requiring transplantation for PBC were of FN descent. From this, it can be calculated that PBC is about 8 times more common than in the non-native population. METHODS: We studied the prevalence of PCB on Vancouver Island, where about 50% of the cases on the transplant Society List are reported. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: As with many autoimmune diseases, PBC affects women predominantly. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors are thought to contribute to the development of PBC. A strong genetic component is postulated in the BC population where 6 affected individuals are all related through common great grandparents. Nonetheless, both genetic and environmental components are being explored in this unique population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".