Comparison of Methanol Crossover among Four Types of Nafion Membranes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The crossover behavior of methanol through Nafion 112, 117, 1035, and 1135 membranes using cyclic voltammetry (CV) was studied at 25°C and the results compared. The multiple CV technique was used to study the electrochemical characteristics of the crossed methanol during this crossover. Meanwhile, a method established in our laboratory was introduced to determine the concentrations of methanol crossover. The use of various types of Nafion membranes resulted in significant differences in the anodic current responses of the CV curves under similar experimental conditions. The concentration of crossed methanol decreases with time for all four types of Nafion membrane. The mathematical expression of the variation of the methanol crossover changes with the initial methanol concentrationt and the thickness of the membrane. The type of the expression depends on the membrane thickness and the initial methanol concentration. By contrast, the concentration of crossed methanol decreases with an increase in the thickness of the Nafion membrane. It was observed that, for membranes of the same thickness, the crossed methanol increases with a decrease in the equivalent weight of the membrane. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".