Sequence Stratigraphy and Sedimentology of the Late Carboniferous Sydney Mines Formation at Morien Bay, Sydney Basin, Nova Scotia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Extensive coastal outcrops of the Sydney Mines Formation (Westphalian D) at Morien Bay record stacked high-frequency sequences, 10-30m thick, of fluvial, restricted marine, and possible lacustrine strata, with economic coals. Multiple outcrop sections at Schooner Pond, Long Beach and Port Morien measured 70-150m in thickness and included the Emery to Harbour seam interval. The dominant facies association comprises grey sandstones and shales and associated hydromorphic paleosols. Associated coals range from 0.5 - 2m in thickness. Dark limestones and shales containing bivalves and ostracods are found either above or in close proximity to a coal seam. The coals are sulphur-rich, indicating a marine influence during their development. The second major facies association includes calcareous paleosols as well as vertic red and grey paleosols. Repetition of wetland and dryland facies, representing regressive and transgressive cycles, is observed in all sections. Marine flooding surfaces are represented by thick coals and faunal concentrate limestone/shale. Sequence boundaries can be identified by the presence of calcretes and red mudstones. The grey, wetland facies are well represented within the Transgressive and Highstand Systems Tracts. Red and grey dryland facies are represented in the topmost Highstand to Lowstand Systems Tracts. The Falling Stage Systems Tract may also be represented here in some valley fills within highstand deposits. Forested horizons of calamitacean and lepidodendrid trees standing in their growth position are observed at many levels within the Transgressive and Highstand Systems Tracts along with abundant compression flora. Rarer litter is identified in red beds of the Highstand through Lowstand Systems Tracts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".