A Decrease in Albumin in Early SIV Infection Is Related to Viral Pathogenicity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A decrease in circulating albumin levels after seroconversion has been reported as a predictor of disease progression in HIV-infected adults. We hypothesized that a similar decrease would be seen in pig-tailed macaques in early SIV infection, and that the degree of this decrease would be related to the pathogenicity of the infecting viral strain. Ten juvenile pig-tailed macaques were previously inoculated with virus derived from molecular clones representing different stages of infection: early (SIVMneCL8, n = 2), intermediate (SIVMne35wkSU, n = 2), late blood (SIVMne170, n = 3), or late lymph node (SIVMne027, n = 3). Albumin was measured in stored samples. Changes from baseline were evaluated by paired sample t tests and by linear regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE). Albumin levels decreased in the week after SIV inoculation (p = 0.02), increased above baseline at week 5, then fell, returning below baseline by week 16 (p = 0.03). In GEE modeling, albumin decreased significantly in both early and chronic infection (weeks 0-3, p < 0.001; weeks 5-16, p = 0.004) and this change differed significantly between infections caused by late versus early or intermediate virus variants (weeks 0-3, p = 0.002; weeks 5-16, p = 0.001). A decrease in albumin levels occurs in both early and chronic SIV infection, and is more marked in macaques infected with more pathogenic virus variants. These results suggest that both early and late events in SIV pathogenesis are influenced by properties of the infecting viral strain.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".