Consequences to fitness‐related traits of hybridization between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon, <i>Salmo salar</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introgression between wild and farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar has been hypothesized to influence the persistence of wild populations, particularly those at heightened risk of extinction. Based on pure and hybrid crosses involving one farmed and two wild populations (Tusket River and Stewiacke River, an endangered population) in a common‐garden environment, we examined the consequences of introgression to survival, growth, and disease resistance in the first year of life. Introgression with farmed salmon had either no effect (Stewiacke) or a negative effect (Tusket) on survival. Importantly, the among‐family variance in survival (a negative correlate of population persistence) was higher for the hybrids than it was among the pure crosses. There was also evidence of genetic differences in growth rate and disease susceptibility. Introgression with their farmed counterparts is unlikely to have a positive effect on the fitness of wild Atlantic salmon. The degree to which genetic interactions between farmed and wild salmon threaten the latter's persistence almost certainly depends on the degree to which individuals are adapted to their local environment, on the genetic differentiation between farmed and wild individuals, and on the relative proportions of farmed and wild salmon during spawning.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".