Relationship between chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescence induction and oxygen evolution in barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>) thylakoids treated with alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrins
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cyclodextrins, a class of cyclic oligomeric compounds consisting of 68 units of D-glucose, alter the oxygen evolution of photosystem II (PSII) in barley thylakoids as well as chlorophyll a fluorescence induction, i.e., Fv/Fo and Fv/Fm where Fm is the maximal level of fluorescence when all PSII centres are closed, Fo is the minimal level of chlorophyll fluorescence when all PSII centres are open, and Fv is the variable fluorescence (= Fm Fo). The highest Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo values are observed in samples treated with alpha- and beta-cyclodextrins, i.e., 0.618 and 0.629 (Fv/Fm) and 1.617 and 1.667 (Fv/Fo), respectively, whereas in untreated and gamma-cyclodextrin-treated thylakoids, one observes 0.608 and 0.594 (Fv/Fm) and 1.568 and 1.460 (Fv/Fo). This trend is also seen in the oxygen evolution of control and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrin-treated thylakoids, i.e., 183.6, 214.9, 301.7, and 174.0 µmol O2·mg chlorophyll1·h1, respectively. First, the fluorescence induction data indicate that in intact thylakoid membranes, the enhancement of oxygen evolution induced by alpha- and beta-cyclodextrins originates in the opening of blocked photochemical centres in PSII. Second, the results show that the correlation between the oxygen evolution of PSII and chlorophyll a fluorescence induction is a nonlinear phenomenon represented by a Boltzman expression.Key words: chlorophyll, cyclodextrins, fluorescence induction, oxygen evolution, photosystem II, thylakoid membrane.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".