Expression of Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase in Bovine Endometrium: Coexpression with Cyclooxygenase Type 2 and Regulation by Interferon-τ
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) are important regulators of reproductive functions. In ruminants, interferon (IFN)-tau is the embryonic signal responsible for recognition of pregnancy. This is effected by a reduction of the production of PGF(2alpha) relative to PGE(2.) This may be accomplished by a decrease in PGF(2alpha) production, but a stimulation of PGE(2) via the PGE synthase might also be involved. The purpose of the present study was to confirm the presence of PGE synthase (PGES) in the bovine endometrium, identify the factors affecting its expression, and compare it with that of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). This was done by Northern blot analysis using primary cultures of bovine epithelial and stromal cells of the endometrium and bovine endometrial cell line. PGES mRNA expression was increased in the presence of lipopolysaccharides, TNF-alpha, and IFN-tau in stromal cells and IFN-tau in epithelial cells. In stromal cells, IFN-tau induced a rapid increase of PGES and COX-2 mRNA expression. In bovine endometrial cells, phorbol 12-myristate 13-actetate increased PGES mRNA, COX-2 mRNA and PGE(2) production. These results suggest that in endometrial cells, the expression of PGE synthase is correlated with that of COX-2 and is an important enzyme for the production of PGE(2). Increasing this production will modulate the PGE(2)/PGF(2alpha) ratio and contribute to establishment of pregnancy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".