Formation of Strain-induced Ferrite in Low Carbon Steels at Temperatures Above the Ae3
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The formation of strain-induced ferrite was investigated in two low carbon steels and in a 0.036% Nb microalloyed low carbon steel at temperatures above the Ae3. Two distinct stages were observed, the first of which was characterized by the formation of Widmanstätten colonies with very fine plates of similar orientation. In the second stage, observed after further straining, the initial plates coalesced into polygonal ferrite grains. The transition from stage I to stage II was retarded by additions of carbon and niobium and slightly by an increase in strain rate. EBSD analysis revealed that the small misorientations (<1.5°) between Widmanstätten plates allow them to coalesce into grains. The 60° misorientations between some of the colonies suggest that they form from twinned regions of the parent austenite. A common characteristic of the polygonal grains is the presence of planar high angle boundaries, a feature inherited from the original Widmanstätten microstructure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".