The spatial component of variation in small-mammal abundance measured at three scales
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We studied small-mammal populations across a range of spatial scales to determine if they exhibited spatial variability that was independent of the distribution of vegetation. Between 1996 and 1999, systematic livetrapping surveys were conducted on nested grids at three scales: (1) extent (total area covered by a grid) = 4900 ha, grain (minimum space between sampling points) = 1000 m; (2) extent = 306 ha, grain = 250 m; and (3) extent = 31 ha, grain = 125 m. The four most abundant species were the red-backed vole (Clethrionomys gapperi), the short-tailed shrew (Blarina brevicauda), the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), and the woodland jumping mouse (Napaeozapus insignis). Small mammals exhibited spatial population structure over distances up to 250 m but not over 1000 m. There was a component of this population structure that appeared to be temporally and spatially dynamic, and that was not correlated with measured vegetation variables. We discuss processes that would create the observed metapopulation structure in seasonal landscapes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".