Spontaneous Pituitary Adenomas of the Pars Intermedia in 5 Aged Horses: Histopathological, Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Studies.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Adenomas that developed in the pars intermedia of 1 Anglo-Arab and 4 thoroughbred horses aged 19 to 29 years were examined by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The tumors had a nodular growth pattern separated by connective tissue and often invaded the pars nervosa irregularly. The tumor cells were spindle cells with abundant basophilic cytoplasm and proliferated in a palisade arrangement in line with the blood capillaries. Histochemically, the tumor cells were stained light red with periodic acid-Schiff-Orange G stain and purple with aldehyde thyonine, thereby showing a chromatic similarity to basophilic cells of the normal pars intermedia and the pars distalis. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and also weakly positive for α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-lipotropin (β-LPH) and β-endorphin (β-END). Since these hormones are synthesized from the prohormone, proopiomelanocortin (POMC), it has been suggested that the tumor cells may have a POMC-producing structure. But the tumor cells were positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and this tumor appeared to be a nonfunctional pituitary tumor because no cell atypia or exocytosis was found ultrastructually.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".