Acute molybdenum toxicity to rainbow trout and other fish
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Molybdenum is generally reported in the literature to be acutely lethal to various fish species at relatively high concentrations (70 to >2000 mg/L). The toxicity of molybdenum to fertilized rainbow trout eggs and alevins (EA), however, is controversial as different bioassays demonstrate a wide toxicity range (0.73 to >90 mg/L Mo). A duplication of a previous study using similar water chemistry along with the standard bioassay protocol demonstrated that molybdenum was not acutely toxic to the early life stages of rainbow trout over 32 d up to a maximum molybdenum concentration of 400 mg/L. An additional bioassay exposing early life stages of rainbow trout to a maximum molybdenum concentration of 1500 mg/L for 32 d did not cause sufficient mortality to allow an LC50 to be calculated. Key words: molybdenum, toxicity, bioassays, rainbow trout.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".