Reflection FTIR Studies of the Conformation of 2,2‘-Bipyridine Adsorbed at the Au(111) Electrode/Electrolyte Interface
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Subtractively normalized interfacial Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (SNIFTIRS) has been employed to study the conformation of 2,2‘-bipyridine (22BPY) adsorbed at the Au(111) electrode surface. In addition, a b initio Hartree−Fock calculations were carried out to calculate the IR spectra for the trans -planar, cis- planar, and twisted conformations both for an isolated 22BPY molecule and for the molecule attached to a gold atom or ion. The spectra for the trans - and the cis -conformations were predicted to be distinctly different. The differences between the predicted spectra and the differences for most structural parameters between the cis- planar conformer and the torsional conformations with a twist of 0° to 40° between the two rings were small. SNIFTIRS spectra with a good signal-to-noise ratio were measured only for those potentials where the 22BPY molecules associate into stacks. Efficient packing into stacks requires a planar or very nearly planar conformation for the 22BPY molecules. For these potentials, the SNIFTIRS spectra provided direct evidence that 22BPY molecules coordinated to the surface gold atoms assume a cis - or nearly cis -conformation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".