Maternal Use of Venlafaxine Near Term: Correlation Between Neonatal Effects and Plasma Concentrations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The nature of neonatal adverse effects in the offspring after maternal use of venlafaxine at term is not fully understood. We correlated neonatal clinical signs over time with serum concentrations of venlafaxine and its active metabolite in the neonatal period. Women exposed to venlafaxine near term, and their neonates, were studied. Adverse neonatal signs and serum concentrations of venlafaxine and its active metabolite were assessed. Seven mother-child pairs were studied. Median maternal venlafaxine dose was 75 mg/d (37.5-300 mg/d). Five neonates presented with multiple clinical signs during their hospital stay, all including tachypnea and respiratory distress. Respiratory distress was present within the first hours after birth, with other symptoms appearing subsequently when the drug concentration declined. The elimination half-life, calculated for 3 neonates, ranged between 12 and 15 hours for venlafaxine and between 10 and 37 hours for O-desmethylvenlafaxine. Neonatal clinical signs emerged as drug concentrations declined, corroborating discontinuation as an etiology. Respiratory symptoms tended to occur earlier and, in one case, independently from the typical signs of abrupt cessation of venlafaxine. This suggests that it may be part of the wide range of respiratory problems reported in antidepressant-exposed neonates, including persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn reported with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Neonatal clinical signs emerged with decreasing concentrations of venlafaxine, supporting that abrupt cessation of venlafaxine leads to discontinuation syndrome. Respiratory problems occurred earlier than typical discontinuation clinical signs. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".