Offshore spawning and year-class strength of northern cod (2J3KL) during the fishing moratorium, 1994-1996
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two new surveys have been conducted in recent years to assess the status of the northern cod (Gadus morhua) stock (2J3KL). An offshore acoustic survey in spring sampled concentrations of spawning adults and estimated potential fecundity. A pelagic juvenile fish survey carried out in late summer measured cod year-class strength prior to settlement. Spawning biomass of offshore cod decreased from 11 700 t in 1994 to 2000 t in 1995 to 900 t in 1996 with a corresponding decrease in eggs spawned. This decline was mirrored in the distribution and abundance of pelagic juvenile cod. Natural mortality estimated between the egg and pelagic juvenile stages increased from 0.068·day1 in 1994 to 0.084·day1 in 1995 to 0.112·day1 in 1996. The decline in year-class strength of cod appeared to result primarily from a reduction in the number of offshore spawners compounded by an increase in natural mortality during the egg and larval stages. The decline in spawners occurred 2 years after the implementation of a fishing moratorium and cannot be linked to fishing. The rapid decline in abundance of adult fish combined with increased natural mortality during the egg and larval drift is consistent with depensation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".