Beam tilting of single microstrip antenna using high permittivity superstrate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Antenna beam tilting or steering requires multiple antenna elements to be phase shifted and arranged in the form of an array. This article presents a novel method to tilt the main beam of a microstrip patch by partially covering it with a high dielectric‐constant superstrate. The beam tilting is possible because of the dual‐slot radiation mechanism of the microstrip antenna. In effect, the electromagnetic radiation from the covered radiating slot reaches the far‐field with an additional phase with respect to the uncovered slot, resulting in an inclined beam whose angle depends on the superstrate's refractive index. Experimentally and numerically, a beam deflection of 25° is achieved when a microstrip patch is partially covered with a superstrate having a dielectric constant of 10. Moreover, the proposed structure provides gain enhancement of about 3 dB. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:1657–1661, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27659
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".