Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present new Canadian Galactic Plane Survey radio continuum and 21 cm H I line observations of NRAO 655 (G93.4+1.8), plus radio recombination line observations, and optical H-line observations. The radio spectrum of NRAO 655 confirms its emission as thermal. From the 21 cm H I data we find an atomic hydrogen cavity associated with this object at km s. The cavity corresponds in position and size to the brightest radio continuum emission from NRAO 655. The corresponding kinematic distance is 8.8 kpc, placing NRAO 655 in the Perseus Arm. NRAO 655's linear size is therefore 70 pc 130 pc. To confirm the 21 cm H I velocity we present the first recombination line detection of NRAO 655 (H158 line, km s), and the first observations of a molecular cloud coinciding with NRAO 655 (at km s). The first optical detection of 656 nm H emission line features in NRAO 655 is also presented, and the H emission line brightness is determined. We suggest that the eastward extension of this strongly asymmetric object originates in a champagne outflow, and we estimate its age. We show that a single early-type star cannot be responsible for the outflow, whereas a group of later-type stars would suffice. A partial H I shell is seen adjacent to the brightest part of NRAO 655; we suggest that it has been formed by dissociation of H in the molecular cloud.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".