Changes in syntaxin-1B mRNA in the nucleus accumbens of amphetamine-sensitized rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Repeated administration of amphetamine in animals induces persistent changes in dopamine (DA) functions and behaviour. These changes may be mediated by altered plasticity of the mesocorticolimbic DA system. We have previously reported changes in the content of axonal plasma membrane protein syntaxin-1 in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of amphetamine-sensitized rats. In the present investigation, we investigated whether syntaxin-1 changes are derived from transcriptional events, i.e. mRNA changes, in the mesocorticolimbic DA regions of the brain. Behavioural sensitization was induced in adult Sprague-Dawley rats by repeated intermittent administration of d-amphetamine (1.5 mg/kg i.p. for 5 alternate days). The animals were sacrificed 24 h, 7 d or 14 d after the last injection and in-situ hybridization using oligonucleotide probes was employed to assess the expression of syntaxin-1A and -1B mRNAs. Results show that the expression of syntaxin-1B mRNA was significantly increased in the NAc shell (NAcS) region in the amphetamine-sensitized rats 14 d after the drug treatment compared to saline pretreated or untreated control animals No significant change in syntaxin-1B mRNA was observed in animals sacrificed 24 h or 7 d after the sensitizing regimen of amphetamine in any brain region analysed, namely NAcS, NAc core (NAcC), caudate putamen (CPu), ventral tegmental area (VTA) or medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Levels of syntaxin1A mRNA were not significantly different from controls in any brain region at any time-point. These results suggest that syntaxin-1 protein changes in amphetamine-sensitized rats may be due to increased syntaxin-1B gene expression within local neurons of the NAcS that may lead to altered exocytosis from these neurons during the expression of sensitized response.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".