Critical superposition instant of surge waves in surge tank with long headrace tunnel
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Superposed mass oscillation that often occurs in a throttled surge tank with a long headrace tunnel is studied. The instant of the worst superposition of mass oscillation in a surge tank is analysed. The analytical formula predicting the worst superposition instant is derived exactly and verified (1) with a numerical solution to the fundamental equations for the surge tank and (2) with a numerical simulation of hydraulic transients in an actual hydropower station. It is shown that the superposed oscillation provides the highest upsurge at the instant that the initial flow rate in the headrace tunnel and initial water level in the surge tank satisfy the judgement formula. The conclusion provides a theoretical and computational basis for the numerical simulation of maximum upsurge in a surge tank.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it