Iterative recovery algorithms for compressed sensing of wideband block sparse spectrums
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A major task in cognitive radios (CRs) is spectrum sensing. In a wide-band regime, this is a challenging task requiring very high-speed analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), operating at or above the Nyquist rate. Compressed sensing is recognized as an effective technique to significantly reduce the sampling rate in wideband spectrum sensing, taking advantage of the sparsity of the spectrum. The recovery of the spectrum from the samples at sub-Nyquist rates is usually achieved through the so-called ℓ1-norm minimization. A more effective recovery technique for block sparse signals, called ℓ2/ℓ1-norm minimization, can be used as a replacement for ℓ1-norm minimization to reduce the sampling rate and consequently simplify the implementation of ADCs even further. In this paper, we propose two iterative ℓ2/ ℓ1-norm minimization algorithms for the recovery of block sparse spectrums. Similar to the standard ℓ2/ℓ1-norm minimization, the proposed algorithms require the side information about the boundaries of the spectral blocks. We evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms both in the absence and in the presence of noise, and demonstrate that for both cases, the proposed algorithms significantly outperform the existing ℓ1-minimization-based and standard ℓ2/ℓ1minimization recovery algorithms. The improvement in performance comes at a small cost in complexity increase.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".