Rigid Interior of Styrene−Maleic Anhydride Copolymer Aggregates Probed by Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Several fluorescence techniques have been applied to characterize the aggregates of styrene−maleic anhydride copolymers (SMA). The formation of hydrophobic microdomains was confirmed by monitoring the I 1 / I 3 ratios of pyrene dissolved in SMA solutions. Fluorescence quenching experiments indicate that protective quenching is occurring. The excimer-to-monomer ratio of di(1-pyrenylmethyl) ether and stopped-flow fluorescence measurements show that the interior of these SMA aggregates is extremely rigid, much more than that of typical surfactant micelles. Fluorescence anisotropy was applied to determine the hydrodynamic radius of these aggregates which was found to equal 1.7 ± 0.2 nm, in qualitative agreement with earlier measurements by small-angle X-ray scattering and small-angle neutron scattering. SMA aggregates have sizes similar to that of typical surfactant micelles, but their interior is frozen.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".